The Divorce Of Parents Harm Their Children - 1185 Words

Does the divorce of parents harm their children? Sadly this is a subject that is studied more and more due to the fact that so many marriages today are till divorce do us part instead of till death do us part. To truly understand and determine the effect of divorce on children one must look at the evidence of both sides and with an open mind. On one side we have Judith S. Wallerstein, Julia Lewis, and Sandra Blakeslee say â€Å"yes† to the stated question. On the other side we have E. Mavis Hetherington and John Kelly who say â€Å"no.† Judith S. Wallerstein and her coworkers took the question in the above paragraph and studied the effects of it over a 25 year span starting in the 1970’s. They didn’t want to have too many factors influencing the effects so they pulled children who didn’t face poverty or racial discrimination. Their findings made it obvious that divorce does harm a majority if not all children in some way. In some cases children of d ivorced parents got into alcohol, drugs, and premarital sex at a young age. Compared to the children of intact families, children of divorced families started the three earlier and more frequently. Divorce also increased the chance of children ending their marriages in divorce, and not only that but it caused them to fear serious relationships and marriages. Another effect of divorce was education. In their study only fifty-seven percent of children from divorced families achieved their bachelor’s degree, compared to the ninety percentShow MoreRelatedEffects of Divorce on Children1861 Words   |  7 PagesDivorce has many victims; they do not fall under a specific category and do not target a specific gender, age, race, or ethnicity. The effect of divorce on children differs from the effect on the spouses. The reasons for divorce are endless; they have many side effects on the spouses but most importantly affect the children. Divorce is one of the main reasons for disruption in our communities. Regardless of the reason, divorce always harms the children’s decisions, personalities, and futures. TheRead MoreDivorce Argument Essay888 Words   |  4 PagesDivorce has progressively become a common procedure worldwide, affecting not only parents and their offspring, but also the communities that surround the family unit, and consequently presenting a terrifying threat for the affected child. Nonetheless, regardless of the conventionality of divorce, it persists to affect various aspects of childrens daily lives and rituals. Children and adolescents are consequently deprived of a customary and stable family upbringing and thus suffer the disadvantagesRead MoreParents Are Responsible For Their Child s Well Being1251 Words   |  6 Pages Parents are responsible for their child’s well-being, however, what situation should allow for others to step in and enforce this responsibility? Divorce can create a situation where parents no longer are able to work together and every member in that household is affected. Each situation of divorce is different and every family needs h elp in a different way. Too often, the people who are forgotten during the divorce are the children. These children go through the same five stages as their parentsRead MoreThe Negative Effects of Divorce689 Words   |  3 PagesWith approximately 876,000 divorces per year in the United States alone, many people today are bringing up the controversial topic: should divorces be made harder to obtain? Many people think that it would be best if families stayed together, while others believe that an unhappy marriage is useless, and the dissolution of the marriage is the best choice. However, with current laws being the way they are, the process of getting a divorce is too simple, which is why people tend to opt out of theirRead MoreSeparation Of A Child s Parents1287 Words   |  6 Pagesover one million American children suffer from divorce in their families (Fagan). Divorce causes lasting damage to all involved, but especially children. Many people assumed that what is good for the mother and father is good for the child. But now, tremendous amounts of research have been done on divorce and children. All the research points out one hard truth and that is that kids suffer when mom and dad get a divorce (focus on the family). Separation of a child’s parents puts the child on a downwardRead MoreDivorce And The Effects On Children1315 Words   |  6 Pages The Increase of Marital Conflict in Divorce and the Effects on Children The question continues to be asked, â€Å"Is divorce harmful for children?† Everyone wants their children to be happy; however how does one decide when to choose their own happiness over their child’s? With divorce, parents have to choose to leave their partner even if it is detrimental to their children’s happiness. Over the years, divorce rates continue to increase. The reasons for divorce varies from each couple. However, inRead MoreEffects Of Divorce On Children1106 Words   |  5 PagesDivorce incidents have jumped over 127% in the last sixteen years according to the article â€Å"Which Aspects of Divorce Affect Children† (Luepnitz 1). With the number increasing each year, over a million American children suffer the divorce of their parents. Divorce causes irreparable harm to all involved, but most especially to the children. Though it might be shown to benefit individuals, it causes a decrease in an individual’s quality of life and puts some on a downward trajectory from which theyRead MoreDescribe How The Sociological Perspectives Explain Social Problems Related To The Family1409 Words   |  6 Pagessociological perspectives explain social problems related to the family. The family affords its members with a social uniqueness. Offspring are born into their parents’ social class, culture and race, religious conviction, and so forth. Some kids have benefits throughout life because of the social uniqueness they obtain from their parents, while others face many hindrances because the social class or race/ethnicity into which they are born is at the bottom of the social ladder. The conflict perspectiveRead MoreEssay about Divorce: A Problem in Our Society714 Words   |  3 Pagestoday is divorce. The issue of divorce and increasing rates in the modern world is one of the most serious problem and social issues which influence people life to a great extent. Divorces are effecting on personal and social life very deeply. It causes stress and makes individual unsuccessful and changes lives. When parents get divorced they do not even think about what will happen with their children. Many students perform low in school because of their parents. Children of divorces parents have moreRead MoreDivorce And Its Effects On Children1296 Words   |  6 Pages50% of all the children born to married parents today, will experience the divorce of their parents’ before they are eighteen years old. Divorce in and of itself doesn’t necessarily harm a child, but the conflict between parents does. A child’s behavior correlates directly with the effects of their parents’ separation. Deep emotional wounds are created before, during, and after divorce and separation. It is rare that you find a child that actually wants their parents to separate, unless the marriage

Different Aspects of Love in Poetry Essay - 932 Words

Different Aspects of Love in Poetry The metaphysical poems of pre 1914 explored the whole experience of humans, which included love, politics, and how society was e.g. in this era premarital relations were forbidden by the church, romance and mans lust towards women. The poets used romance to represent other deeper issues in a symbolic way, like in To His Coy Mistress or The Flea where the poets use syllogistic arguments, which are usually used in politics, and in these poems show what society then was like. A lot of metaphysical poems usually contained accounts of how a woman has lost her virginity before marriage which at that time was considered a taboo subject as the women would have been†¦show more content†¦And in this flea, our two bloods mingled be Donne uses this to try and persuade the woman that they have already had sex as the flea has both of their bloods inside it. It was an Elizabethan saying about sex which shows his obvious intentions of trying to get her to sleep with him. He is saying as they have already has sex with the flea they might as well do it now. Throughout The Flea the man uses allsorts of persuasions like saying her virginity means nothing or that she would not lose anything if she did sleep with him. He lies to her throughout saying their relationship is past marriage. He clearly shows no love for the women. It is written as a light hearted argument. It shows no love just a mans lust towards a woman. In Upon Julias Clothes the man who is in it talks about how beautiful Julia is. He talks about her as if he possess her and he talks about how much he likes her body: That liquefaction of her clothes! He is saying that he can see her body through her clothes which shows that he is obsessed with her body and that she dominates his thoughts. He doesnt mention any other of her qualities just her sex appeal in this poem which shows he sees her as sex. This poem shows the lust of a man towards a woman. In The Sick Rose there are warnings about the consequences of lust. This poem is the opposite of the flea where the man is telling theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Exploration of the Different Aspects of Love in Poetry2022 Words   |  9 PagesExploration of the Different Aspects of Love in Poetry In the Victorian and Elizabethan times there were many poems, which explored the aspect of love. The metaphysical group of poets explored the whole experience of man, which was usually romantic or sensual. The poems I will talk about are The Flea by John Donne (1572-1631), To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell (1621-78), The Sick Rose by William Blake (1757-1827), A Woman To Her Lover by Christina Walsh inRead MoreEssay about To My Dear and Loving Husband820 Words   |  4 PagesTo my Dear and Loving Husband Romantic language in literature has been used for ages to express authors feelings for another human being. This language has been developed through out the years to create ways in which different types of romantic emotions can be expressed in writing. From the breath taking romantic novels of today all the way back to the first writers of the Bible and the romantic books of Song of Solomon and Psalms, romantic language has not only been used to express human emotionsRead MorePoetry vs. Prose: A Killer Topic734 Words   |  3 Pagesbetween which is better, poetry or prose, and it ended with a knife. On January 20, 2014, a Russian man was stabbed to death in the Sverdlovsk region over an argument of which is better, poetry or prose. Poetry and prose have various common aspects, though it is their differences that make each unique in how they are loved. There seem to be three types of people in the world, those who love poetry and hate prose, those who love prose and despise poetry, and the mediators that love both. There is no inRead MoreLove is the greatest human emotion one can experience. In the poem Leaving the Motel by W. D.800 Words   |  4 PagesLove is the greatest human emotion one can experience. In the poem Leaving the Motel by W. D. Snodgrass and Sex Without Love by Sharon Olds each poet shares different views on the theme of love. Snodgrass poem focuses on a couple having an affair in a motel. As they are leaving they go through a checklist to make sure they keep their secrecy. While, Olds poem focuses more about how people have sex without being in love. Both of these poems illustrate a strong sense of love in different waysRead MoreJohn Donne Love Poetry1442 Words   |  6 Pageslies is that, in poetry, all facts and all beliefs cease to be true or false and become interesting possibilities†¦It may not, perhaps, be absolutely necessary that he believe it, but it is certainly necessary that his emotions be deeply involved, and this they can never be unless, as a man, he takes it more seriously than as a mere poetic convenience.† It is Donne’s sensibility and his personal experiences which are revealed with a vibrancy of language in his love and religious poetry that make himRead MoreEavan Boland Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pagesresponse to her poems. What I love about Boland’s work is how revolutionary it is. Jody Allen Randolph, the American critic, once said that Boland â€Å"single-handedly challenged what was a heavily male-dominated profession†. What really appeals to me about Boland’s work is how she offers me fresh insight on old topics. In particular I like her reflections on love and relationships, the polemical/political dimension to her work and also the unique voice she has in Irish poetry: lending fresh input on oldRead MoreAnalysis Of My Mistress Eyes Are Nothing Like The Sun888 Words   |  4 Pagesto describe one’s beloved. In the fifteen hundreds to the six teen hundreds love was something everyone wrote about. In these pieces of writing each lover is described as the world’s greatest beauty. Despite the times interest in love the poet William shakespeare wrote â€Å" My Mistress’ Eyes are nothing like the sun†. This poem described women in a non traditional manner, forcing people to see women and love in a different perspective. He uses content to drag in the readers attention,structure to effectivelyRead MoreComparison of Li Po and Tu Fus Poetry Essays802 Words   |  4 PagesPo and Tu Fus Poetry During the Tang Dynasty, Li Po and Tu Fu have reigned the literary world with their poetry. Their writing techniques and themes in their poetry allow them to stand out amongst other poets at the time. With the unique aspects and images these poets write about, they distinguish the similarities between themselves and contain different intensities in their poetry. While Li Po has a more relaxed tone to his poetry, Tu Fu deals withRead MorePastoral Comedy Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesSince the play was written in the late 16th century, much of the work consists of the traits of a pastoral comedy . As You Like It is classified as a pastoral comedy being that the court and forest, character relationships, and relations to pastoral poetry follows the pastoral comedy genre rather strictly.   Ã‚  Ã‚   To begin with, the phrase, pastoral as a genre, includes the main idea of an idealized lifestyle. â€Å"Beginning in the third century b.c.e. and popular in the late sixteenth century, pastoral literatureRead MoreTHE MAIN FEATURES OF THE METAPHYSICAL POETRY ILLUSTRATED BY JOHN DONNE1637 Words   |  7 Pages THE MAIN FEATURES OF THE METAPHYSICAL POETRY ILLUSTRATED BY JOHN DONNE The term metaphysical poetry is used to describe a certain type of 17th century poetry. Metaphysical poetry is concerned with the whole experience of man. It means that the poetry is about showing knowledge and thoughts from different areas of experience, especially about love, romantic and sensual; about mans relationship with God and about pleasure, learning and art.

Famous Thinkers Free Essays

Famous Thinkers Roxanne Serna PHL/458 July 30, 2012 Trisha Mc Aloon Famous Thinkers Throughout time, there have been many successful people in the world. Famous people with great minds to create new things that would change history itself. In today’s world, the two famous thinkers that have been chosen for this paper truly created a new nation for us. We will write a custom essay sample on Famous Thinkers or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through persuasion, creative thinking, through their assumptions, that would prove later to be the best possible outcome. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. , famous for his â€Å"I had a dream† speech, Franklin D. Roosevelt was famous for creating a better nation during the, â€Å"Great Depression†. These two people truly had a great and creative mind to have come up with the ideas that they had. That one day those ideas that they had would change our great nation. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. , was famous for his â€Å"I had a dream† speech, which was given in 1963 during the ‘Freedom Walk in Detroit† (Brown, 2012). He was a contributor to pushing the Civil Rights Act, in which, Dr. Martin Luther King attended the signing ceremony of the bill in 1964 (Burro Jr. , 2002). He was a person who believed in freedom of all people regardless of race or color of their skin. He was passionate about what he believed in and used god as a tool to guide him through the road that he walked. Martin Luther King Jr. , not only a spiritual man but also one that would leave a legacy in history. During the time that Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was trying to fight the great fight of segregation he was also arrested may times. The arrests were because of not have a permit to demonstrate. Even with these obstacles he was able to continue with his fight for freedom. He overcame these obstacles by being resourceful and learning what he needed to do in order to continue on with his hard work that he had been putting in for the rights and freedom of the people. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr’s. , goal was for freedom for the people to have a right to go where they pleased and so that they did not live in fear because of the color of their skin. A minister, who did not believe in violence and would not associate with any other groups that promoted violence, he chose to deal with getting things done in a non-violent manner. There was even a time when Black Muslims in Harlem assaulted Mr. King (Brown, 2012). Dr. Martin Luther King was even more respected by the people because of his ways of dealing with the issues and handling the issues in a non-violent manner. Through Dr. Martin Luther King efforts he was able to get the Boycott that bus segregation is illegal, Bus segregation was ruled illegal on November 13, 1956, Civil Rights Act signed on July 2, 1964, The Famous speech â€Å"I had a dream†, published a book called, â€Å"Stride Toward Freedom†, won the Nobel Peace Prize on December 10, 1964 (Brown, 2012). He had so many other great accomplishments throughout his life. He was Man of the Year in Times magazine, this was because of all the accomplishments he made in a non-violent way. He was a man that was viewed by the public as a man who can provide the knowledge of how to go about changing segregation. Dr martin Luther King Jr. decided one day that enough was enough and segregation had to be changed. Maybe it was god calling him to try to achieve the unachievable. That is what was though during those times. Segregation was such a major issue that was troubling the African American citizens. I believe Dr. Martin Luther King had to really think and devise a plan that would be error proof. His tactics of non-violence was through he trained mind that he by the power of god would make such a great change. His thinking process was very critical at times, depending on what type of situation he faced. He had to think carefully about what he was going to do and how he would go about it. Creating and organizing his marches and speeches, keeping the people on the same page as what he believed in. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. as a very creative and critical when dealing with the ideas and issues he faced. Franklin D. Roosevelt was born in New York in 1882 (The White House, 2012). Franklin D. Roosevelt was also known by FDR. Throughout this paper, we will refer to him as just that FDR. Among many famous thinkers FDR was well know for the â€Å"100 days†. FDR became president in 1933, there were many changes FDR planed to do within ‘100 days’ (FDR Library and Museum , n. d. ). During this time was there was lots of turmoil because of what was known as ‘The Great Depression’. He was one of the only Presidents to have severed four terms in office. During his terms in office, he created programs that would still be used today. FDR was such a creative and ingenious person. He created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration and Civilian Conservation Corps, aimed to bring economic relief and reform (FDR Library and Museum, n. d. ). In 1935 the Social Security, Works Progress Administration and the New Deal legislation passed (The White House, 2012). He had to be critical when it came to the Pearl Harbor Booming in 1941. This was something that was so unexpected that happened. FDR had to do something and react fast so that he did not look like a week leader. However, because is his creative and critical thinking process he knew in his mind what would be best for our Nation. In 1942, he goes on to create ‘grand alliance’ of Allied powers through â€Å"the Declaration of the United Nations† (FDR Library and Museum, n. d. ). Serving four terms, he made so many great accomplishments. He got our nation out of the Great Depression and Created the United Nations. Despite FDR’s physical condition he was still able to do the things that were needed to run this country in such a great way that he did not let his disability get in his way. In fact it seemed to have made him stronger. I think he felt to say to the country look at me if I can do it with all that I have going on then there is no excuse for anyone to use a disability as an excuse to get things done. FDR was daring and willing to take chances when nobody believed in his ideas. He proved to be resourceful in all his efforts when he was in office and made such a big difference in our country. Each of these famous thinkers used many different ways of critical thinking and creative thinking. Martin Luther King Jr. seemed to think and analyze what he was doing before he would attempt to go on with an idea he may have. Both thinkers had to use the Cause and Effect to find out if the solutions that they proposed would work or not. They also both used the Creative Process to try their ideas. They searched for that challenge to see if it was achievable and they both found that as they searched they did find what they wanted to achieve. They both not only investigated the problem by the also produced ideas that would change history forever. Each of these famous thinkers could not have done anything differently. If they would have done anything differently, segregation might still exist. If we did not have a president with enough ideas for the challenges that he would face getting our great nation out of the Great Depression. To change anything about these thinkers would change history as we see it then and now. They were both very creative at what they did and achieved what they et out to achieve. References Brown, M. (2012). Time Line of Events in Martin Luther King Jr. ‘s life. Retrieved from http://www. lib. lsu. edu/jum/mlk/srs216. html Burro Jr. , R. (2002). Martin Luther King Jr. ‘s doctrine of Human Dignity. Western Journal of Black Studies, 26(4), 228. FDR Library and Museum. (n. d. ). Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Retrieved from http://www. fdrlibrary. marist. edu/education/resources/bio_f dr. html The White House. (2012). Franklin D. Roosevelt. Retrieved from http://www. whitehouse. gov/about/president/franklindroosevelt How to cite Famous Thinkers, Papers Famous Thinkers Free Essays Since the beginning of time there have been many famous thinkers and some of the individuals made a difference in society. Not only did he or she think each of them where creative in their own way. Martin Luther King jr. We will write a custom essay sample on Famous Thinkers or any similar topic only for you Order Now made a difference in society he made contribution. Before he led the segregation black people were not allowed to seat in a bus where white people had a priority to seat and black people had to stand up. He was upset when Rosa Parks was denied a seat because of the color of her skin. Martin Luther King Jr. took a stand to defend the people rights for there was no equality or justice for color people. Both parents of Martin Luther King Jr. parents could not shield him completely from racism. â€Å"He saw much in the world that was out of harmony with God, including segregation in the Southern U. S. †(Leonard, 1998). MLK believe if people truly had a deep relationship with god, then the individual could not hate but instead love. The real problem is that through our scientific genius we’ve made of the world a neighborhood, but through our moral and spiritual genius we’ve failed to make of it a brotherhood† (Leonard, 1998). In 1963, during the massive March on Washington by some 250,000 people in behalf of jobs and freedom, King delivered his best-known speech â€Å"I have a dream,† expressed his hope for a better future. He had faith in his vision for the world (Leonard, 1998). MLK was a creative thinker, he in vision and wanted fo r his community to have a better life. People of color did not have the same rights as the white individuals, color people were only associated with the people. Color did the same job but not paid the same as white were afraid of them and discriminated in every way. Time has changed since MLK was alive; because of MLK he saw and felt the need the every person whether your white or color deserves justice and equal rights like our constitution mention â€Å"all men are created equal†. MLK had faced many problems during his time and he knew it need it to be resolve. It took a lot of time to be able to think in many ways to be a resolve each problem. As he was an activism he faced problem during the Civil Rights movement. Every time MLK went he was harassed by the government and media. Since he became an activism and had rally’s with other individuals’ who wanted the same thing as MLK, he received hundreds of calls, letters that threatened to kill him and even the people who were against MLK threw a bomb to his house no one was injured the day it happen. He had so many obstacles but it did not stop him there at all as he kept going even though he got arrested numerous times during the movement. â€Å"Violence never brings permanent peace, it solves no social problems, it merely creates new and more complicated ones. Instead of diminishing evil, it multiplies it† (Leonard, 1998). MLK foresaw that our country can do much so much more for color people. During this time he realizes that in this country not only did the color were poor but also the white. He also realizes there was class inequalities and racism needing it to be addressed. â€Å"He knew that for change to be achieved, the privileged had to be forced to share the vast resources which they exploited and hoarded for themselves† (Jackson, 2007). MLK wanted to do a mass movement were the community got involve in a widespread nonviolent protest; not only did he wanted the black community to get involve but people of color as the people of united states country got into strike and realize they are also important as the white people are. How to cite Famous Thinkers, Papers Famous Thinkers Free Essays The first critical thinker we will look at is Nelson Mandela, he was born on July 18, 1918 in South Africa. He was the first of his family to attend school and after his father died he was supposed to inherit their tribe but decided to go on to school to become a lawyer. This was a major decision in his life and helped shaped him into the leader he would become. We will write a custom essay sample on Famous Thinkers or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 1944 he joined the African National Congress which fought against apartheid, He was arrested in 1956 for treason and was held for five years, but was found not guilty. In 1962 he was arrested again and convicted of conspiracy and sabotage where he would serve eighteen years of a life sentence. Once released from prison he became president of the African National Congress in 1991 and in 1994 he was elected President of South Africa and was the first black President there. Because of his contributions to apartheid he has won many prizes including the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. (â€Å"Promote Tolerance†, 2013). In 1985 while still in prison the current president offered to release Nelson if he renounced his armed struggle , but Nelson rejected it. This clearly shows how dedicated that he was for the cause he believed in (â€Å"Biography. com†, 2013). Because of Nelson’s family background and his father being the leader of a tribe he was definitely thinking outside the box and had aspirations of his own. With the social and political environments he was in there in South Africa and the unrest of segregation set the stage for his future. The factors involved with such segregation contributed to his creativity in many ways which allowed him to be at the forefront of the movement. The solution was a changing of the guard in South Africa and new leaders working together to have apartheid abolished. The issues he south to solve were first and foremost the apartheid issues of the segregation of white and non-whites, secondly the dream of peace between the same white and non-white culture in South Arica (â€Å"Promote Tolerance†, 2013). The next critical thinker I want to look at is Malcolm Little aka Malcolm X. He was born on May 19, 1925 in Omaha Nebraska with a family that consisted of seven brothers and sisters and a father that was an outspoken Baptist minister. His father was a supporter of a Black Nationalist leader and they had to move several times due to death threats from the white supremacist organization. Years later their Michigan home as burned down and two years after that his father was found dead on a set a railroad tracks, thought to be done by the white supremacist group. He was later arrested for burglary charges and while in prison continued his education. His brother Reginald visited while in prison and would discuss the religion of Muslim which Reginald belonged to the organization the Nation of Islam. When released from prison in 1952 Malcolm was a devout follower and decided to lose the last name Little as it was a slave name and went with X. Due to some belief issue with one of the leaders Malcolm decided to start his own religious organization called Muslim Mosque, Inc. He fought for human rights and equality in as many ways as he could, and was killed in 1965 by three ex Nation of Islam supporters (â€Å"Malcolm X†, 2013). The most important contribution to society by Malcolm X was the awareness of human and civil rights and equality for blacks. He suggested that everyone has rights and must fight for them and offered an alternative view to the mainstream idea in civil rights movement (Mckinney, 2013). In the time that Malcolm grew up in and was active in his fight was a time of unrest for blacks and whites. The environment was at most times hostile and unfriendly to outspoken blacks. The problems he sought to solve were mostly inequalities and mistreatment to blacks or someone of the Muslim faith. The solutions he provided were a little extreme in that he said blacks needed to fight for justice and equalities, which in theory is great, but being Malcolm was an extremist more times than not it led to violence. Looking at the creative process and comparison of the two people, both Nelson Mandela and Malcolm X were great thinkers and thought ahead as to what they wanted to accomplish. They both used different form of outlets to get their messages across and worked with leaders to accomplish what they wanted to do. To critique their ideas and look at what they could have done differently is interesting. For Nelson Mandela he was in an area where it was run by whites and it was difficult to get his message across to the people. While in prison he gained extra knowledge by educating himself more and used his knowledge to work with white leaders to further his mission. Nelson did not use violence or anger to further his cause which was a great stance for him to take. For Malcolm X on the other hand there are several things that I feel he could have done in his journey. To each his own on their religious beliefs, but being that his messages came across as angry and in a subliminal way condoned violence to get what you want is not the best way to get your message out there. In the days when Malcolm was active it was still a segregated population and the supremacy groups were very much at the forefront in those times. By Malcolm disassociating himself with the Nation of Islam, I feel was a bad move and he should have fought to get the leader out for his discretions to where it would have shown that he truly cared about the group and their message. Bu getting out and starting his own group it made the leader and his followers lash out and kill him. Both Nelson Mandela and Malcolm X were great thinkers and had wonderful ideas for the rights and equalities of their people. They just decided to handle them in different ways, both were right in their thinking, they just handled them in different ways. In the end both made a difference to elevate the awareness and further the abolishing of apartheid and segregation of blacks in both Africa and the United States. References Biography.com.  (2013).  Retrieved from http://www.biography.com/people/nelson-mandela-9397017?page=1 Malcolm X.  (2013).  Retrieved from http://www.malcolmx.com/about/bio3.html Promote Tolerance.  (2013).  Retrieved from http://library.thinkquest.org/07aug/00117/mandela.html Mckinney, S. L.  (2013).  About.com Malcolm X.  Retrieved from http://history1900s.about.com/od/people/a/Malcolm-X.htm    How to cite Famous Thinkers, Papers

Aircraft for Engineering Organization- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theAircraft for Engineering Organization. Answer: Introduction Working as a junior Manager in one of the Companies dealing in Aircraft maintenance, it is important to ensure that I set up an effective new line of work to ensure that the company which deals with the maintenance of small passenger aircraft is successful. To be able to do that, I will be required to set up teams through making numerous considerations as stipulated in the report below which will be presented to my Senior Manager in the company. Among other issues, the report detailed below is aimed at looking at how different working Relationships work within our company and the relevance or appropriateness of objectives of relationships in or within Engineering (Kerzner, 2013). Apart from that, the report to the Senior Manager of the Company will also be aimed at working out how the lines of authority need to be put in place in the organization and look at the various roles and responsibilities of Employees in the company as well as how its sub-contractors can be managed. Explanation of the Different Working Relationships within an Engineering Organization Creation of a productive and positive working relationship in an Engineering organization is very essential since it makes it easier for such an organization to achieve its set objectives and goals. It is always prudent to ensure that there is maximum respect between the senior and junior staff within an engineering organization (Kapur Pecht, 2014). One of the important working relationships that should be created in an Engineering organization is that there must be creation of a productive as well as positive working relationships across culture in the organization. The achievement of a positive cultural working relationship across the organization can b made possible when it is build with not only the sensitivity but also understanding over a given time frame. It is important to note that even though engineering counterparts emanating from various countries may be well versed with the same scientific principles and disciplines, they usually operate in different cultural settings. Two engineering teams that come from different cultures can be able to work within a specific set of expectations, norms, and rules. People may thus assume that other engineers may act under the similar set of rules as theirs (Buede Miller, 2016). However, when that does not happen, this implies that there is failure to meet expectations thus resulting in conflicts as well as disasters. It is prudent to note that even though Engineers may be working together in countries which have a shared cultural heritage which ultimately results in shared beliefs and values, there can still exist differences especially related to approaches to rules and time. Another type of working relationship that should be enhanced in the Aircraft Company is good communication skills. It is important for all and sundry in the aircraft company to note that each person is different and thus the best communication style should be used appropriately when dealing with different people in the organization. Examination of Lines of Authority in an Engineering Organization Lines of authority refer to the most fundamental authority in the company that depicts existing superior-subordinate relationships. It comprises of the right of making decisions and also give orders regarding production, finance, or sales finance associated behaviour of the subordinates. It can also be asserted that a line of authority in a business entity or aircraft company will establish individuals who are in charge of giving others orders and significantly contributes to the effective achievement of organizational goals, especially when used properly (Harper, 2015). The line authority that will be used in the Aircraft Company will comprise of managers who will be directly responsible for the achievement of organizational goals. As a result, line introduction at the aircraft Maintenance Company will actually be represented through a standard command chain that will start with the companys Board of Directors and eventually extend down to the activities which are implemented by the company (Licht, 2014). Line authority at the Aircraft Maintenance Company will be mainly be based on the legitimate power. Lines of authority at the Aircraft maintenance company will be identified and be based on the goals of the company. As a result, managers line functions will be limited to production lines of authority, maintenance lines of authority, and sales lines of authority. The production line of authority will mainly deal with the numerous spare parts that will have to be availed in the maintenance of the aircraft while the maintenance line of authority will deal with the actual maintenance of the aircrafts (Child, 2015). The sales line of authority will be concerned with receiving the cash for the various products fitted in the aircrafts and the service when maintaining them. In essence, it will be prudent to ensure that there is clear definition of lines of authority for all the employees in the Aircraft maintenance company by making all employees in the organization become aware of their roles and responsibilities (Stuart, 2015). Roles and Responsibilities of Employees within an Engineering Context The Aircraft Maintenance manager The Aircraft Maintenance manager will be tasked with the responsibility of providing daily oversight of all the operational and functional activities in the maintenance of aircraft machinery, equipment, and facilities (Cech, 2014). Among other duties, the manager will also be responsible for the successful implemental of all the relevant management processes in the company and ensure that he or she recommends the relevant equipment modifications for the upgrades. The manager will also be tasked with the responsibility of developing and maintaining the relevant preventative maintenance programs. Aircraft Maintenance Mechanics Aircraft maintenance mechanics at the company will be tasked with the responsibility of accurately repairing and performing schedules maintenance on all the airplanes and ensure that inspections are performed as mandated or required by the relevant bodies and authorities. Apart from that, the mechanics at the aircraft maintenance company will also be responsible for performing full analysis of all the required work orders, sketches, and drawings to not only troubleshoot but also repair and install the required parts or products (Tafel-Viia Alas, 2015). The mechanics, based on an engineering context will also be required to ensure that they check all the mechanical components of the aircrafts before installation so as to prevent any damage. That apart, mechanics at this aircraft maintenance company will be tasked with the responsibility of ensuring that they accurately estimate the materials and the hours for the jobs that have been scheduled. Aircraft Maintenance Team Lead These individuals will be reporting to the maintenance supervisor and they will be tasked with the responsibility of meeting both the scheduled as well as the unscheduled requirements of maintenance, directing and leading the work of aircraft technicians (Breaugh, 2017). They will also be responsible for the coordination of daily aircraft maintenance activities in collaboration with maintenance supervisors. They will also lead and direct the work or activities of aircraft technicians for inspection, maintenance, troubleshooting, and repair of aircraft structures, systems, and engines. Review of the Relevance of Objectives of Working Relationships within an Engineering Context Having relevant working objectives is very essential for the Aircraft maintenance company in an engineering context due to various reasons. For example, having objectives of working relationships in the engineering context will help the company to take appropriate steps to achieve optimal performance management by avoiding any potential internal obstacles that may occur in the company (Wong et al, 2014). They will also help the company to implement innovative solutions which are geared towards ensuring that organizational processes deliver not only real results but also enhance performance. Working relationships are essential in an engineering context because they will greatly help such organizations to come up with practical steps and concrete guidelines which can be used in enhancing the performance management processes at the aircraft maintenance company. Objectives of working relationships in an engineering context are very essential because they help in ensuring that the actions of each and every employee in the organization is well aligned to the strategic objectives of the company. Having effective working relationship objectives is also prudent in the engineering context because they will help in provision of visibility and clarification of accountability which is related or associated towards expectations of performance (Pahl Beitz, 2013). In addition to that, working relationships in an engineering context are quite essential in that they will help in the documentation of individual performance that will be aimed at supporting career planning as well as compensation decisions. Moreover, objectives of working relationships will help in the establishment of focus for the development of essential skills as well as learning choices activities (Braglia Frosolini, 2014). As a result, this will be beneficial in the creation of the r elevant documentation that may be used for legal reasons to not only support decisions but also minimize disputes in the engineering context. They will also help in the reduction of poorly structured processes in the company. An Explanation of how Sub-Contractors can be Managed A sub-contractor refers to a person or an organization which takes part of a contract from the main or principal contractor or even from another different subcontractor. A subcontractor can also be defined as being a person or a business which carries out work or tasks for an organization as being part of a larger or bigger project. Sub-contractors play a significant role in the general success of the aircraft maintenance company (Kuzniarz et al, 2015). It is therefore important that the company does not choose contractors just based on price alone but rather on their ability to deliver the assigned duties on time as well as on required safety and quality standard. This is quite important since choosing of subcontractors for the aircraft maintenance company based on the cheapness of the price that they offer may cost the company more money as opposed to when an expensive subcontractor was chosen. To effectively manage subcontractors, the aircraft maintenance company should actually view them as being an extension of the general or main contractor and therefore failure by such subcontractors will adversely affect the reputation of the company (Pinder, 2014). When managing the aircraft maintenance companys subcontractors, it is important for the company to comprehend the scope of work for the subcontractor and understand the people who will be supplying all the relevant materials. It is also important for the aircraft maintenance company to effectively understand how the subcontractor they have engaged will be properly reimbursed. The company ought to ensure that the subcontractors that it has hired receives both access and information ahead or on schedule and it should never be delayed by the company or even by other subcontractors that it has hired (Hwang Ng, 2016). Regular meetings should also be held by the relevant subcontractor in order to discuss environmental, quality, and safety issues. Bibliography Braglia, M. and Frosolini, M., 2014. An integrated approach to implement project management information systems within the extended enterprise. International Journal of Project Management, 32(1), pp.18-29. Breaugh, J.A., 2017. to Recruitment. The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of the Psychology of Recruitment, Selection and Employee Retention, p.12. Buede, D. M., Miller, W. D. (2016). The engineering design of systems: models and methods. John Wiley Sons. Cech, E.A., 2014. Culture of disengagement in engineering education?. Science, Technology, Human Values, 39(1), pp.42-72. Child, J., 2015. Organization: contemporary principles and practice. John Wiley Sons. Harper, C., 2015. Organizations: Structures, processes and outcomes. Routledge. Hwang, B.G. and Ng, H.B., 2016. Project network management: risks and contributors from the viewpoint of contractors and sub-contractors. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 22(4), pp.631-648. Kapur, K.C. and Pecht, M., 2014. Reliability engineering. John Wiley Sons. Kerzner, H., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Licht, W., 2014. Working for the Railroad: the Organization of Work in the Nineteenth Century. Princeton University Press. Pahl, G. and Beitz, W., 2013. Engineering design: a systematic approach. Springer Science Business Media. Petersen, K., Vakkalanka, S. and Kuzniarz, L., 2015. Guidelines for conducting systematic mapping studies in software engineering: An update. Information and Software Technology, 64, pp.1-18. Pinder, C.C., 2014. Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Stuart, D., 2015. Risk assessment. Company Director, 31(5), p.50. Tafel-Viia, K. and Alas, R., 2015. Differences and Conflicts between Owners and top Managers in the Context of Social Responsibility. Engineering Economics, 64(4). Zou, W., Kumaraswamy, M., Chung, J. and Wong, J., 2014. Identifying the critical success factors for relationship management in PPP projects. International Journal of Project Management, 32(2), pp.265-274.

Jeff Sessons - Statement on Classified Information Leaks Threatening National Security free essay sample

Biography of Indias Indira Gandhi

Biography of Indias Indira Gandhi Indira Gandhi, prime minister of India in the early 1980s, feared the growing power of the charismatic Sikh preacher and militant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale. Throughout the late 1970s and early 1980s, sectarian tension and strife had been growing between Sikhs and Hindus in northern India. Tensions in the region had grown so high that by June of 1984, Indira Gandhi decided to take action. She made a fatal choice - to send in the Indian Army against the Sikh militants in the Golden Temple. Indira Gandhis Early Life Indira Gandhi was born on November 19, 1917, in Allahabad (in modern-day Uttar Pradesh), British India. Her father was Jawaharlal Nehru, who would go on to become the first prime minister of India following its independence from Britain; her mother, Kamala Nehru, was just 18 years old when the baby arrived. The child was named Indira Priyadarshini Nehru. Indira grew up as an only child. A baby brother born in November of 1924 died after just two days. The Nehru family was very active in the anti-imperial politics of the time; Indiras father was a leader of the nationalist movement  and a close associate of Mohandas Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Sojourn in Europe In March 1930, Kamala and Indira were marching in protest outside of the Ewing Christian College. Indiras mother suffered from heat-stroke, so a young student named Feroz Gandhi rushed to her aid. He would become a close friend of Kamalas, escorting and attending her during her treatment for tuberculosis, first in India and later in Switzerland. Indira also spent time in Switzerland, where her mother died of TB in February of 1936. Indira went to Britain in 1937, where she enrolled at Somerville College, Oxford, but never completed her degree. While there, she began to spend more time with Feroz Gandhi, then a London School of Economics student. The two married in 1942, over the objections of Jawaharlal Nehru, who disliked his son-in-law. (Feroz Gandhi was no relation to Mohandas Gandhi.) Nehru eventually had to accept the marriage. Feroz and Indira Gandhi had two sons, Rajiv, born in 1944, and Sanjay, born in 1946. Early Political Career During the early 1950s, Indira served as an unofficial personal assistant to her father, then the prime minister. In 1955, she became a member of the Congress Partys working committee; within four years, she would be president of that body. Feroz Gandhi had a heart attack in 1958, while Indira and Nehru were in Bhutan on an official state visit. Indira returned home to take care of him. Feroz died in Delhi in 1960 after suffering a second heart attack. Indiras father also died in 1964  and was succeeded as prime minister by Lal Bahadur Shastri. Shastri appointed Indira Gandhi his minister of information and broadcasting; in addition, she was a member of the upper house of parliament, the Rajya Sabha. In 1966, Prime Minister Shastri died unexpectedly. Indira Gandhi was named the new Prime Minister as a compromise candidate. Politicians on both sides of a deepening divide within the Congress Party hoped to be able to control her. They had completely underestimated Nehrus daughter. Prime Minister Gandhi By 1966, the Congress Party was in trouble. It was dividing into two separate factions; Indira Gandhi led the left-wing socialist faction. The 1967 election cycle was grim for the party - it lost almost 60 seats in the lower house of parliament, the Lok Sabha. Indira was able to keep the Prime Minister seat through a coalition with the Indian Communist and Socialist parties. In 1969, the Indian National Congress Party split in half for good. As prime minister, Indira made some popular moves. She authorized the development of a nuclear weapons program in response to Chinas successful test at Lop Nur in 1967. (India would test its own bomb in 1974.) In order to counterbalance Pakistans friendship with the United States, and also perhaps due to mutual personal antipathy with US President Richard Nixon, she forged a closer relationship with the Soviet Union. In keeping with her socialist principles, Indira abolished the maharajas of Indias various states, doing away with their privileges as well as their titles. She also nationalized the banks in July of 1969, as well as mines and oil companies. Under her stewardship, traditionally famine-prone India became a Green Revolution success story, actually exporting a surplus of wheat, rice and other crops by the early 1970s. In 1971, in response to a flood of refugees from East Pakistan, Indira began a war against Pakistan. The East Pakistani/Indian forces won the war, resulting in the formation of the nation of Bangladesh from what had been East Pakistan. Re-election, Trial, and the State of Emergency In 1972, Indira Gandhis party swept to victory in national parliamentary elections based on the defeat of Pakistan and the slogan of Garibi Hatao, or Eradicate Poverty. Her opponent, Raj Narain of the Socialist Party, charged her with corruption and electoral malpractice. In June of 1975, the High Court in Allahabad ruled for Narain; Indira should have been stripped of her seat in Parliament and barred from elected office for six years. However, Indira Gandhi refused to step down from the prime ministership, despite wide-spread unrest following the verdict. Instead, she had the president declare a state of emergency in India. During the state of emergency, Indira initiated a series of authoritarian changes. She purged the national and state governments of her political opponents, arresting and jailing political activists. To control population growth, she instituted a policy of forced sterilization, under which impoverished men were subjected to involuntary vasectomies (often under appallingly unsanitary conditions). Indiras younger son Sanjay led a move to clear the slums around Delhi; hundreds of people were killed and thousands left homeless when their homes were destroyed. Downfall and Arrests In a key miscalculation, Indira Gandhi called new elections in March  1977. She may have begun to believe her own propaganda, convincing herself that the people of India loved her and approved of her actions during the years-long state of emergency. Her party was trounced at the polls by the Janata Party, which cast the election as a choice between democracy or dictatorship, and Indira left office. In October of 1977, Indira Gandhi was jailed briefly for official corruption. She would be arrested again in December of 1978 on the same charges. However, the Janata Party was struggling. A cobbled-together coalition of four previous opposition parties, it could not agree on a course for the country  and accomplished very little. Indira Emerges Once More By 1980, the people of India had had enough of the ineffectual Janata Party. They reelected Indira Gandhis Congress Party under the slogan of stability. Indira took power again for her fourth term as prime minister. However, her triumph was dampened by the death of her son Sanjay, the heir apparent, in a plane crash in June of that year. By 1982, rumblings of discontent and even outright secessionism were breaking out all over India. In Andhra Pradesh, on the central east coast, the Telangana region (comprising the inland 40%) wanted to break away from the rest of the state. Trouble also flared in the ever-volatile Jammu and Kashmir region in the north. The most serious threat, though, came from Sikh secessionists in Punjab, led by Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale. Operation Bluestar at the Golden Temple In 1983, the Sikh leader Bhindranwale and his armed followers occupied and fortified the second-most holy building in the sacred Golden Temple complex (also called the Harmandir Sahib or Darbar Sahib) in Amritsar, the Indian Punjab. From their position in the Akhal Takt building, Bhindranwale and his followers called for armed resistance to Hindu domination. They were upset that their homeland, Punjab, had been divided between India and Pakistan in the 1947 Partition of India. To make matters worse, the Indian Punjab had been lopped in half once more in 1966 to form the Haryana state, which was dominated by Hindi-speakers. The Punjabis lost their first capital at Lahore to Pakistan in 1947; the newly-built capital at Chandigarh ended up in Haryana two decades later, and the government in Delhi decreed that Haryana and Punjab would simply have to share the city. To right these wrongs, some of Bhindranwales followers called for an entirely new, separate Sikh nation, to be called Khalistan. During this period, Sikh extremists were waging a campaign of terror against Hindus and moderate Sikhs in Punjab. Bhindranwale and his following of heavily armed militants holed up in the Akhal Takt, the second-most holy building after the Golden Temple itself. The leader himself was not necessarily calling for the creation of Khalistan; rather he demanded the implementation of the Anandpur Resolution, which called for the unification and purification of the Sikh community within Punjab. Indira Gandhi decided to send the Indian Army on a frontal assault of the building to capture or kill Bhindranwale. She ordered the attack at the beginning of June  1984, even though June 3rd was the most important Sikh holiday (honoring the martyrdom of the Golden Temples founder), and the complex was full of innocent pilgrims. Interestingly, due to the heavy Sikh presence in the Indian Army, the commander of the attack force, Major General Kuldip Singh Brar, and many of the troops were also Sikhs. In preparation for the attack, all electricity and lines of communication to Punjab were cut off. On June 3, the army surrounded the temple complex with military vehicles and tanks. In the early morning hours of June 5, they launched the attack. According to official Indian government numbers, 492 civilians were killed, including women and children, along with 83 Indian army personnel. Other estimates from hospital workers and eyewitnesses state that more than 2,000 civilians died in the bloodbath. Among those killed were Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and the other militants. To the further outrage of Sikhs worldwide, the Akhal Takt was badly damaged by shells and gunfire. Aftermath and Assassination In the aftermath of Operation Bluestar, a number of Sikh soldiers resigned from the Indian Army. In some areas, there were actual battles between those resigning and those still loyal to the army. On October 31, 1984, Indira Gandhi walked out to the garden behind her official residence for an interview with a British journalist. As she passed two of her Sikh bodyguards, they drew their service weapons and opened fire. Beant Singh shot her three times with a pistol, while Satwant Singh fired thirty times with a self-loading rifle. Both men then calmly dropped their weapons and surrendered. Indira Gandhi died that afternoon after undergoing surgery. Beant Singh was shot dead while under arrest; Satwant Singh and alleged conspirator Kehar Singh were later hanged. When news of the Prime Ministers death was broadcast, mobs of Hindus across northern India went on a rampage. In the Anti-Sikh Riots, which lasted for four days, anywhere from 3,000 to 20,000 Sikhs were murdered, many of them burned alive. The violence was particularly bad in Haryana state. Because the Indian government was slow to respond to the pogrom, support for the Sikh separatist Khalistan movement increased markedly in the months following the massacre. Indira Gandhis Legacy Indias Iron Lady left behind a complicated legacy. She was succeeded in the office of Prime Minister by her surviving son, Rajiv Gandhi. This dynastic succession is one of the negative aspects of her legacy - to this day, the Congress Party is so thoroughly identified with the Nehru/Gandhi family that it cannot avoid charges of nepotism. Indira Gandhi also instilled authoritarianism into Indias political processes, warping the democracy to suit her need for power. On the other hand, Indira clearly loved her country  and did leave it in a stronger position relative to neighboring countries. She sought to improve the lives of Indias poorest  and supported industrialization and technological development. On balance, however, Indira Gandhi seems to have done more harm than good during her two stints as the prime minister of India. For more information on women in power, see this list of Female Heads of State in Asia.

Investigation of corporate governance characteristics Essay

Investigation of corporate governance characteristics - Essay Example It is significant to find out whether companies are adhering to or not to such formulated rules and practices in their day-to-day corporate governance practices. There has been a tendency not to follow the stipulated guidelines (Berglà ¶f & Claessens 2004). The two Australian companies listed on the Australian Security Exchange (ASX), namely Aditya Birla Minerals and Adelaide Resources can be a good example to check their corporate governance characteristics, their strategies, policies, and practices. Both the companies are into mining and exploration activities. Aditya Birla Minerals (ABM) is running its operations at the Nifty copper operation in the Pilbara region, northern Western Australia, and the Mt Gordon copper operation in northwest Queensland, Australia. Adelaide Resources is into mineral exploration for Gold, Copper, and Uranium deposits. Both the companies have disclosed their governance strategies, policies, and practices in their annual financial reports available on their company websites. As per the Aditya Birla Minerals’ corporate governance statement given in the final annual report 2007-08, the company board has developed policies and practices relevant with the ASX recommendations as well as changes incorporated according to specific conditions. The board of directors of ABM provides strategic direction and effective governance over the company’s affairs. The board also monitors the implementation of its policies, practices, and strategies. It checks compliance with regulations. Hindalco being its block shareholder, the appointment, evaluation, remuneration, succession, and removal of the chief executive officer is decided on the nomination of Hindalco. Selection and appointment of directors is made by the board in the best interests of the company stakeholders. There are six members in the board, out of which three have to be independent non-executive directors, as per the charter of the board. A director can hold either of

Risk Management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Risk Management - Term Paper Example The global fashion house earns popularity through sales and marketing of designer garments of both sexes and also specialises on the sales of children wear. Eight Different Risks emanating from the Global Workplace The fashion retail company operating on a global scale is found to combat different types of risks. Firstly the company earns the risk in getting a favourable location for the effective running of its business operation in the foreign market. Secondly the company also faces the risks of not being able to effectively engage in joint venture or partnership ventures in foreign markets. Thirdly the retail company also faces the threat of getting the right supplier to help the retail company meet business needs. Fourthly the retail company also faces difficulty in rightly promoting its products owing to several cultural and political constraints. Fifthly the retail company is also threatened by the rise in counterfeit market in the global regions. Sixthly the company also may f ace severe restrictions pertaining to customs and other security sectors for which trade in foreign countries gets hampered. Seventhly the company may face growing trouble in regards to acquisition of existing firms to expand its business operations. Finally the staffs of the company operating in global markets owing to lack of control may go for accepting bribes which in turn hampers the business legacy. Above are underlined eight possible risks that a retail company operating in the global sphere may face (Taylor, Sibery and Loughman, 2011, p.361-362). The Risk Register The risks of the company being underlined the managers can well design a risk log or register to note the different risks in a sequential manner. Separate log numbers can be rendered for the different risks listed. Further separate columns need be created for noting down the different type of actions taken by the managers in such respect and the name of the action holders (Lock, 2007, p.104-105). Elucidation of the Emergence of one of the Risks relating to the Company One of the severe business risks run by the retail companies while operating in the foreign markets is running the threat of availability of large scale substitute products. These products are manufactured by local companies and are advertised through the help of television and internet to catch the attention of local people. Large scale availability of such substitutes happens to eat the market for the products and also to render harmful effects like brand dilution. Small local retailers tend to use the same brand logo used by Andromeda Global Fashions on their produces to make them look the same. These products being sold at low prices prove to be a cost effective option for the consumers thus contributing to the formation of substitute products (British Retail Consortium, 2006, p.114). The Sources for the Different Risks The risks pertaining to the lack of availability of specific zones for carrying out its retail operations emerges from the large scale occupancy of available land for residential and other purposes. Moreover in

Marketing Plan First Draft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Plan First Draft - Essay Example It is also helpful to have a clear idea of who the potential competitors might be and what types of products they might be offering currently or be introducing in the near future. The discovery of these elements is the purpose of this marketing report for a new mud-pie making machine called the Monster Mud Machine. The Monster Mud Machine is the latest technology in backyard warfare for young and old alike. Forget about spending hours in preparation attempting to get just the right combination of dirt and water to make the ultimate in mud bombs. This machine will do all the work from the safety of the home bunker or backyard. Just add the type of dirt immediately available, set the dial, add water and wait for the mud bombs to emerge. The mud machine will work with loose sand, standard dirt and even ready-made mud in case the ground has already been saturated due to earlier mud or water wars. Should things become bogged down, the machine can be helped along with the aid of a fancy crank which provides a more integrated appeal to the process. The machine itself is not designed to be carried about as a form of hand to hand combat material, but is instead intended to be available for the creation of ‘weaponry’ from the individual home base of the backyard warrior. From the outside, the unit looks very much like an elaborate unevenly divided box. On the smaller side is an enclosed container with a spout on the top to be used as a water reservoir. The larger side has a funnel-shaped opening leading to the interior intended to assist with the loading of dirt, sand, or mud into the container. Gravity is the primary driver of the machine as the mud and water are naturally pulled to the bottom of the tanks where it is funneled into a constricted tube the roundness of the finished mud bombs. A hand-crank at one side of the dirt container can be used to stir the materials and keep them moving and provides the user with a sense of involvement – ‘like the

Ethical Principles in Healthcare

Ethical Principles in Healthcare Introduction The Department of Health (DoH) (2003) highlighted the importance for all professions currently regulated by the Health Professions Council to demonstrate competence through continuing professional development (CPD). CPD is a systematic, ongoing, structured process that encourages the development and maintenance of knowledge, skills and competency that assists us in becoming better practitioners (Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP), 2003). As a result of the Health Act (1999) and for registration with the Health Professions Council (HPC), CPD is a legal requirement (HPC Standards of Proficiency, 2007) that must be completed in accordance with the (HPC) Standards of Continuing Professional Development (HPC, 2006). This essay allows for demonstration of life-long learning using evidence from clinical practice and critical evaluation to contribute to my CPD. Learning outcome 5 will be demonstrated throughout this essay. Throughout this essay the reader is directed to the appendices to support theory with evidence of practice. I considered my motivations for undertaking CPD before writing this essay and reflected upon them again on completion (Appendix 1). Demonstrate professional behaviour with an understanding of the fundamental, legal and ethical boundaries of professional practice. Beauchamp and Childress (2001) identify four ethical principles; Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-maleficence and Justice. These ethical principles can be used to morally reason whether an action or decision is right or wrong when used in conjunction with a set of guidelines (Kohlberg et al, 1983). Professional codes of conduct are developed within moral, ethical and legal frameworks to help guide and regulate practice (Hope et al, 2008). Every practitioner has clinical autonomy, therefore they are professionally and legally accountable for their actions. The following will discuss the importance of consent and duty of care for both legal and ethical reasons with regards to case 1 (Appendix 2), encounterd on practice placement 6 (PP6). Rule 9 of the HPC standards of conduct, performance and ethics (2008) states you must gain valid consent from a patient for any treatment you may perform or else you could face trial for assault, battery or negligence under civil or criminal law (Hendrick, 2002). It is a fundamental ethical priniciple that every person has a right to exercise autonomy (Article 9; Human Rights Act, 1998) and is reflected in the Core Standards of Physiotherapy Practice (CSP, 2005). Performing a procedure without gaining consent, undermines the moral priniciple of respect for patients autonomy and human dignity (Sim, 1986). However, inability for Patient X to conform to the Mental Capacity Act (2005) meant he was treated in his best intrest in adherance to section 1.5 of this act and Rule 1 of the HPC (2008) standards of conduct, performance and ethics. Assuming the medical management of Patient X, a legal and professional duty of care was established (Rule 6; HPC, 2008). As part of this duty and in accordance with standard 2 of the CSP Core Standards of Physiotherapy, all interventions were explained to patient X despite his inability to consent. Had I not treated Patient X on the basis he had swine flu, this would have been failing to do justice to him, acting outside of the Disability Discrimination Act (2005) which states everyone should have equitable access to and utilisation of services regardless of disability and also Article 14 of the Human Rights Act (1998) in that no one should be discriminated against based on their health status. The Bolam Test (1957, cited in Dimond, 1999) states if duty of care to a client is breached and subsequent harm to the patient occurs, professional standards have not been kept and therefore negligence can be assumed. Although not legally binding, the CSP rules of professional conduct effectiv ely have the same status as law and failure to comply with them means they may not only be used in disciplinary hearings but also in legal proceeding as a civil case under the tort law of negligence (Dimond, 1999; Hendrick, 2002). In summary, a sound understanding of the legal implications surrounding consent and duty of care can help avoid unwanted litigation, however they should not undermine the ethical implications. Appendix 3 demonstrates how I have learnt from this experience. Assess the needs of a range of service users and, with reference to current professional knowledge and relevant research, apply, evaluate and modified physiotherapeutic intervention A service users is anyone who utilises or is affected by a registrants service (HPC, 2008). The complex needs of a service user encompass a range of issues including social, environmental, emotional and health related, the extent of which varies from person to person. For the purpose of this essay, the physiotherapeutic management of two patients treated whilst on PP6 with differing severities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations (Appendix 4) will be discussed. The National Institue for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines (NICE, 2004) in conjuntion with the guidelines for physiotherapy in respiratory care (British Thoracic Society (BST), 2008) advocates the use of active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) with expiratory vibrations on the chest wall for the treatment of COPD to help aid airway clearance. Inability for patient A to comply with ACBT indicated the use of manual hyperinflation (MHI) to passively inflate the lungs and aid mucocillary transport (Ntoumenopoulos, 2005). As identified by Finer et al (1979), atelectasis is a common problem observed in mechanically ventilated patients for which MHI has been found to be beneficial in reducing it in a well controlled clinical trial by Stiller et al (1996), scoring a PEDro rating of 6/10. Absence of a cough reflex in patient A, resulted in sputum retention and the increased risk of infection indicating the use of suctioning (Pryor and Prasad, 2002) by which, copious amounts of viscous secretions were cleared. Shorten et al (1991) supports the use of saline instilation to loosen secretions prior to suctioining however, conflicting arguments by Blackwood (1999) and Kinloch (1999) question its effectiveness. Patient Bs compliance with ACBT replaced the need for MHI and suctioning. Patient A developed bilateral shoulder subluxations due to his lengthy intubation for which subluxation cuffs were applied, as suggest by Zorowitz et al (1995) with positive effect. Despite this study being on stroke patients, the results can be generalised to other patient groups as proved. The importance of mobilising patients with regards to respiratory function is highlighted by Ciesla (1996), however mobilisation of critically ill patients is restricted as they are often non-ambulatory. A high quality, randomised control trial using fifty-six participants by Mackay et al (2005), identified mobilisation as superior to other respiratory techniques, therefore Patient B was encouraged to sit out and treated using a graduated walking program. In the case of Patient B, mobilisation constitutes any change in position therefore the use of postural drainage positions and positioning into the cardiac chair setting on the bed were used (BTS, 2008). The range of problems service users present with means practitioners need to be adaptable, drawing on current evidence, professional knowledge from different fields of physiotherpy practice and experiences through CPD to deliever indiviualised patient-centred care. Appraise self management of a caseload and modify practice accordingly, demonstarating effective teamwork and communication skills Caseload management typically refers to the number of cases handled in a certain timeframe by an individual for which they have a duty of care towards (Scottish Executive, 2006). It is the management of time effectively through appropriate priority-setting, delegation, and allocation of resources to meet the service demand of its users (Curtis, 2002). Self-management of a caseload and adaptability to changing circumstances is expected of a registrant (HPC, 2008). Well developed time management skills can make a workload more manageable and improve the effectiveness of treatments and quality of time with patients. Prioritising patients to the order in which they will be seen based on their needs is encouraged by SARRAH (2010), however Nord (2002) argues whether it can be justified to prioritise those in most need if their potential benefit may not be as great as those in less need. In my experience prioritisation is dependant on a variety of factors for example, the trust where PP6 was completed, enforced protected meal times which did not run alongside staff meal times. Therefore, to prevent there being a void in the day, patients were still prioritised according to need but considertation had to be given to see patients that would be eating first and treat those that would not be during protected meal times. It is essential to consider that a therapists workload includes not only patient care, but also admistrative and research tasks in which delegation to others can be a valuable stratergy to assist with workload mangement. Curtis, (1999), identifies the need for practioners to show greater awareness of other disciplines competancies so delegation can be more effective. Feedback systems should be enforced to ensure task completion and objectives are being met (Curtis, 2002). Inter-professional collaboration refers to the process by which different disciplines work together to improve healthcare (Zwarenstein et al, 2009). Poor collaboration amongst healthcare professionals contributes to problems in quality of patient care and consequently poorer outcomes (Zwarenstein and Byrant, 1997). Liaison with members of the multi-disciplinary team (MDT) is encouraged by Shortell and Singer (2008) as practitioners are less likely to work off their own autonomy, ensuring patient safety, as demonstrated during handover in (Appendix 5). The learning objectives on PP6 to develop MDT collaboration and caseload management have been achieved as demonstrated in the feedback from my educator (Appendix 6) which identifies that improvement in self confidence will allow further development of the skills discussed. Demonstrate partnership with more junior students and/or appropriate others through the development of mentoring skills Mentoring is a process aimed at transfering knowledge, skills and psycological support from a more experienced person to a less experienced person, where the desired outcome is for both persons to achieve personal and professional growth (Anderson, 1987). An effective mentor facilitates, guides and empowers the mentee in becoming an independent learner (Coles, 1996) in which the relationships developed are based upon mutal respect, trust, confidentiality and shared beliefs and values (Lyons et al, 1990). The CSP (2005) acknowledges the importance of intergrating mentorship into CPD, in which the mentor develops a range of skills transferable to other CPD activities. This section focuses on peer mentoring as a concept, its practice and clinical application on an informal basis. Having identified the characteristics of a mentor (CSP, 2005), a SWOT analysis (Appendix 7) was completed to assist recognition of my personal learning needs. There are four stages to the mentoring life cycle (Appendix 8), in which the mentor needs to adopt and develop new skills to accommodate the mentee and guide them through the process. A qualitative study using a moderate sample size by Chan and Wai-Tong (2000) encourages the use of learning contracts (Appendix 9) to help establish rapports and facilitate autonomous learning which aids progression to stage two of the cycle. This is further supported in a recent review of the literature by Sambunjak et al (2009). Gopee (2008) recognises the importance of analysing the mentees needs. Foster-Turner (2006) states that different people approach the learning process in different ways therefore, matching the learning styles of the mentor and mentee will produce a more productive and successful relationship (Mumford, 1995; Hale, 2000). Honey and Mumford (1992) suggested people tend to have a predominant learning style and can be classified as activists, reflectors, theorists or pragmatists (Appendix 10). Boud (1999) identifies raising self-awareness as an essential tool used in lifelong leaning and through analysis of learning styles using Honey and Mumfords (1992) questionnaire, this allowed for reflection on the style of learning that would best suit the mentee to help meet their learning needs (Foster-Turner, 2006) (Appendix 11). As identified by the learning style inventory, the mentee and myself were both reflective learners, therefore we arranged sessions where we could dreflect on a clinical experience and discuss how new learning could be applied to future events. A feedback form from the mentee (Appendix 12) an a SWOT analysis (Appendix 13) demonstrates how through increased self-awareness and review of the literature, I have developed a better understanding of the mentoring process, the skills required and its application in into clinical practice. Developing others is central to current and desired practice (DoH, 2000a, 2000b, 2001, 2002) in which mentorship offers all the key attributes to the process. Preparation of an individual for this role, through self assessment, is central to its success, in which the skills developed are lifelong and can enable development into management and leadership roles later on in life. Demonstrate skills of career-long learning Lifelong learning is used synonymously with CPD and is concerned with practitioners critically reviewing their skills and knowledgebase with the ultimate goal of providing a better standard of care to all service users (French and Dowds, 2008). A recent inquest into a practitioner who did not maintain his competencies, demonstrates the possible consequences of poor CPD (Appendix 14). Appendix 15 details a range of formal and informal activities that can be undertaken to contribute towards CPD, evidence of which can be documented in a portfolio. The importance of staff development is recognised by the DoH documents (2000a, 2000b, 2001, 2002) which sets out the Governments vision of an NHS that prepares allied health professionals with the skills to take advantage of wider career opportunities and realise their potential. By using the competency based framework; The NHS Knowledge and Skills Framework (2004), physiotherapists can participate in development reviews which identify development opportunities and contribute to the fulfilment of personal development plans. References Anderson, E. (1987) Definitions of Mentoring; Unpublised Thesis, cited in; Anderson, E. Shannon, A. (1988) Towards a Conceptualisation of Mentoring; Journal of Teacher Education. 29 (1); 38-42. BBC News (2010) Patients inquest focuses on overseas locum care [online]. Available from http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8455971.stm [Accessed 15th February, 2010] Beauchamp, T. Childress, J. (2001) Principles of Biomedical Ethics 5th Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Belbin, M. (1993) Team Roles at Work. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann Blackwood, B. (1999) Normal Saline Instillation with endotracheal suctioning: primum non nocere (first do no harm); Journal of Advanced Nursing. 29 (4); 928-934. Boud, D. Cohen, R. Sampson, J. (1999) Peer Learning in Higher Edcation: Learning From and with Each Other. Kogna Page Limited: London. Ciesla, N. (1996) Chest Physical Therapy for Patients in the Intensive Care Unit; Physical Therapy. 76 (6); 609-625. Chan, C. Wai-Tong, C. (2000) Implementing contract learning in a clinical context: report on a study; Journal of Advanced Nursing. 31(2), 298-305. Coles, C. (1996) Approaching Professional Development; Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions. 16; 152-158. Curtis, K. (1999) The Physical Therapists Guide to Health Care. New Jersey; SLACK Inc. Curtis, K. (2002) Physical Therapy Professional Foundations: keys to success in school and career. New Jersey; SLACK Inc. Department of Health (2000a) The NHS Plan: a Plan for Investment, a Plan for Reform. London: The Stationary Office. Available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/publicationsandstatistics/ publications/publicationspolicyandguidance/dh_4002960 [Accessed 13th February 2010]. Department of Health (2000b) Meeting the Challenge : a strategy for the allied health professions. London: The Stationary Office. Available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publications andstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4025477 [Accessed 14th February 2010]. Department of Health (2001) Working together, learning together: a framework for lifelong learning for the NHS. London: The Stationary Office. Available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/ Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4009558 [Accessed 29th January 2010]. Department of Health (2003) Allied health professions project: Demonstrating competence through continuing professional development (CPD). London: The Stationary Office. Available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Consultations/Closedconsultations/DH_4071458 [Accessed 24th January 2010]. Department of Health (2004) The NHS Knowledge and Skills Framework (NHS KSF) and the Development Review Process. London: The Stationary Office. Available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4090843 [Accessed 15th February 2010]. Dimond, B. (1999) Legal Aspects of Physiotherapy. London: Wiley Blackwell. Finer, N. Moriartey, R. Boyd, D. et al (1979) Postextubation atelectasis: A retrospective review and a prospective controlled study; The Journal of Paediatrics. 94 (1); 110-113. Foster-Turner, J. (2006) Coaching and Mentoring in Health and Social Care; The Essentials of Practice for Professionals and Organisations. Radcliffe Publishing Ltd: Oxford. French, H. Dowds, J. (2008). An overview of Continuing Professional Development in Physioitherapy; Physiotherapy. 94 (3); 190-197. Gibbs, G (1988) Learning by doing: a guide to teaching and learning methods. Cheltenham: The Geography Discipline Network. Gopee, N. (2008) Mentoring and Supervision in Healthcare. London: SAGE Publications. Hale, R. (2000) To match or mis-match? The dynamics of mentoring as a route to personal and organisational learning; Continuing Professional Development. 3; 88-101. Holbeche, L. (1996) Peer mentoring: the challenges and opportunities; Career Development International. 1 (7); 24. Honey, P. Mumford, A. (1992) In; Honey, P. (Ed.), The Manual of Learning Styles, Maidenhead. Hope, T. Savulescu, J. Hendrick, J. (2008) Medical Ethics and Law: The Core Curriculum 2nd Edition. London: Churchill Livingstone. Kinloch, D. (1999) Instillation of normal salineduring endotracheal suctioning; effects on mixed venous oxygen saturation; Americal Journal of Critical Care. 136; 717-422. Kohlberg, L. Levine, C. Hewer, A. (1983) Moral Stages; A Current Formulation and a Response to Critics. New York: Karger. Kolb, D. (1984) Experiential Learning. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs; New Jersey. Leonard, M. Graham, S. Bonacum, D. (2004) The Human Factor: The CRitical Importance of Effective Teamwork adn Communication in Providing Safe Care; Quality and Safety in Healthcare. 13 (1) 85-90. Lyons, W. Scroggins, D. Rule, P. (1990) The Mentor in Graduate Education; Studies in Higher Education. 15 (3); 277-285. Mackay, M. Ellis, E. Johnston, C. (2005) Randomised clinical trial of physiotherapy after open abdominal surgery in high risk patients; Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 51 (3); 151-159. Mumford, A. (1995) Managers developing others though action learning; Industrial and Commercial Training. 27 (2); 19-27. National Institue for Health and Clinical Excellence (2004) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults in primary and secondary care. London: National Institue for Health and Clinical Excellence. Available from http://guidance.nice.org.uk/CG12/NiceGuidance/pdf/English [Accessed 13th February 2010]. Nord, E. (2002) Fairness in evaluating health systems, cited in; Murray, C. Salomon, J. Mathers, C. et al (2002) Editors, Summary measures of population health; concepts, ethics, measurement and applications. World Health Organization. Geneva 707-715. Ntoumenopoulos, G. (2005) Indications for manual lung hyperinflation (MHI) in the mechanically ventilated patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Chronic Respiratory Disease. 2; 199-207. Office of Public Sector Information (1998) Human Rights Act Chapter 42. London: Office of Public Sector Information. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1998/ukpga_1998 0042_en_1 [Accessed 30th January 2010]. Office of Public Sector Information (1999) Health Act Chapter 8. London: Office of Public Sector Information. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1999/ukpga_19990008_en_1 [Accessed 17th February 2010]. Office of Public Sector Information (2005) Disability Discrimination Act Chapter 13. London: Office of Public Sector Information. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2005/ ukpga_2005 0013_en_1.htm [Accessed 10th February 2010]. Office of Public Sector Information (2005) Mental Capacity Act Chapter 9. London: Office of Public Sector Information. Available from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/ACTS/acts2005/ukpga_200500 09_en_1 [Accessed 3rd February 2010]. Pryor, J Prasad, S.A. (2002) Physiotherapy for respiratory and cardiac problems: adults and paediatrics. London: Elsevier Health Sciences. Sambunjak, D. Straus, S. Marusic, M. (2009) A Systematic Review of Qualitative research on the Meaning and Mentoring in academic Medicine; Journal of General Internal Medicine. 25 (1); 72-78. SARRAH (2010) Workload Management. Australia: Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health. Available from http://www.sarrahtraining.com.au/site/index.cfm?display=144625 [Accessed 15th February 2010]. Schofield, R. Amodeo, M. (1999) Interdisciplinary teams in healthcare and human service settings: are they effective?; Health and Social Work. 28 (4), 228-234. Scottish Executive (2006) Allied Health Professions; Workload Measurement and Management. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive. Available from http://www.sarrahtraining.com.au/ site/index.cfm?display=144625 [Accessed 3rd February 2010]. Shortell, S. Singer, S. (2008) Improving Patient Safety by Taking Systems Seriously; The Journal of the American Medical Association. 299(4); 445-447. Shorten, C. Byrne, P. Jones, R. (1991) Infant responses to saline instilations and endotracheal suctioning; Journal of Obstetric, Gynecological and Neonatal Nursing. 20; 464-469. Sim, J (1986) Informed Consent: Ethical Implications for Physiotherapy; Physiotherapy. 72; 584-587. Stiller, K. Jenkins, S. Grant, R. et al (1996) Acute lobar atelectasis: a comparison of five chest physiotherapy regimens; Physiotherapy Theory Practice. 12: 197-209. The British Thoracic Society (2008) Guidelines for the physiotherapy management of the adult, medical, spontaneously breathing patient. The British Thoracic Society: London. Available from http://www.brit-thoracic.org.uk/clinical-information/physiotherapy/physiotherapy-guideline.aspx [Accessed February 14th 2010]. The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (2002) Rules of Professional Conduct 2nd Edition. London: The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Available from http://www.csp.org.uk/uploads/ documents/csp_ rules_conduct.pdf [Accessed 20th January 2010]. The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (2003) Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Briefing and Policy Statement. London: The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Available from http://www.csp.org.uk/uploads/documents/csp_infopaper_cpd29_v2.pdf [Accessed 20th January 2010]. The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (2005) Mentoring: An Overview. London: The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Available from http://www.csp.org.uk/uploads/documents/ csp_cpd35 _2005.pdf [Accessed 20th January 2010]. The Health Professions Council (2006) Your Guide to our Standards of continuing professional development. The Health Professions Council: London. Available from http://www.hpc-uk.org/registrants/cpd/ [Accessed 16th February 2010]. The Health Professions Council (2008) Standards of Conduct, Performance Ethics. The Health Professions Council: London. Available from http://www.hpc-uk.org/aboutregistration/ standards/standardsofconductperformanceandethics/ [Accessed January 26th 2010]. Zorowitz, R. Idank, D. lkai,T. et al (1995) Shoulder subluxation after stroke: A comparison of four supports; Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 76 (8); 763-771. Zwarenstein, M. Bryant, W. (1997) Interventions to romote collaberation between Nurses and Doctors; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Issue 2. Zwarenstein, M. Goldman, J. Reeves, S. (2009) Interprofessional collaboration: effects of practice-based interventions on professional practice and healthcare outcomes; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Issue 3.

Scarlet Fever :: essays research papers

What is scarlet fever? Scarlet fever is a term used for strep throat with a rash. Strep throat is a throat infection caused by a type of streptococcal bacteria. What causes scarlet fever? Scarlet fever is caused by streptococcal (strep) bacteria, the same bacteria that cause strep throat. There are many different strains of strep bacteria, some of which cause more serious illness than others. The type of strep that infects the throat and causes scarlet fever is called group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GABS). What are the symptoms of scarlet fever? Symptoms that may occur before the rash include: ? Fever of 38.5Â °C (101.3Â °F) or higher. ? Sore throat and difficulty swallowing. ? White or yellow spots or coating on the throat and tonsils. ? Swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Other symptoms, especially in children, may include general body aches, headache, stomach ache, nausea, vomiting, or listlessness. Scarlet fever usually doesn't occur with cold symptoms, such as sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, or cough. Red spots begin to appear on the roof of the mouth (palate) about 2 to 3 days after symptoms first appear. Bright red spots may appear on the tongue, giving it an appearance called "strawberry tongue." The most noticeable symptom of scarlet fever is a rough, red rash that feels like fine sandpaper. The rash begins on the chest and abdomen and then spreads over the rest of the body within 24 hours. The rash and redness are more apparent in skin folds, especially in the groin, armpits, and elbow creases. It usually fades in about a week, and at that time the skin may begin to peel. Treating Scarlet Fever If you have a rash and the doctor suspects scarlet fever, he or she will usually take a throat culture (a painless swab of throat secretions) to see if the bacteria grow in the laboratory. Once a strep infection is confirmed, the doctor will likely prescribe an antibiotic for your child to be taken for about 10 days. How Scarlet Fever is passed from one person to another The bacterial infection that causes scarlet fever is contagious. A child who has scarlet fever can spread the bacteria to others through nasal and throat fluids by sneezing and coughing. If a child has a skin infection caused by strep bacteria, like impetigo, it can be passed through contact with the skin.

Homeboy industries Essay

1. What theoretical perspective on deviance best represents Father Greg Boyle’s argument that kids are â€Å"fleeing something horrendous when they join a gang†? 2. What was the â€Å"social reality† surrounding Dolores Mission Parish when Father Greg Boyle arrived in the mid-80’s? Death. Death was the social reality of that time. There were 8 gangs fighting over the same territory, being in the area that they were the was a lack of education and access to education, violence is what almost every child grew up around. Worst of all there was no hope, no hope that things would be better and no hope that they could be better. 3. Why did Father Greg Boyle begin working with gang members in his community? Because they are the odd man out, they are the â€Å"demondnized†, the ones that no one wants to help and he believes that being a Christian we are all one. 4. What do the blossoms represent in the design of Nancy’s art piece? I saw nothing about this on the video link. 5. What theoretical perspective(s) (or parts of theoretical perspectives) on religion best represent what Homeboy Industries stands for? Community and culture. We learn from our families and all of that that is around us. 6. Explain the relationship between Father Greg Boyle’s use of the idea of â€Å"widening the circle of compassion† and labeling theory. Father Greg’s circle of compassion and the labeling theory are closely relate but yet so different at the same time, they’re opposites. His â€Å"widening the circle of compassion† is the idea of not judging, not putting down, and not turning anyone away because of what they may look like or how they may seem. To his idea we should all get to know, learn and accept one another. It’s almost as thought that he is saying that if we stopped with the labeling theory and step even one step within the circle of compassion this world could e just a little bit better. 7. Why doesn’t Father Greg Boyle want Homeboy Industries to be the â€Å"Mcdonalds of gang intervention†? He wants the organization to be from a good place, he wants it to be something that makes sense to that particular area and not just a knock off of what he did here in LA. Plus he doesn’t want to have to worry about what’s going on in â€Å"Homeboy† else where. 8. Explain how Father Greg sees kinship and share how you might apply these  ideas in your own life or career. Address his ideas about the â€Å"Service-provider, service-recipient† model. People have to have a sense of belonging, to a community, for his idea or industry to really work. A sense of belonging is key. Personally I think that Father Greg’s idea about â€Å"Service-provider, service-recipient† is great. People are so quick to want to detach themselves from something or a place that they may have come from that they see is below them and they forget where they come from. Some people just have this sense of entitlement. I believe that we should all be courteous and humble and remembering the struggle that our loved ones have made to get us to where we are now. I also really loved his story about the homegirl at the register and Diane Keaton. 9. Complete this phrase: â€Å"Nothing stops a bullet like a _______†. What does that mean? Job. A job is something that one looks forward to and it’s something that keeps homeboys and girls out of the streets. If they’re off the streets and out of trouble then there are, almost, no bullets and there is hope of a future. 10. What does Father Greg mean by, â€Å"Most people here think it’s finally a church†? A church is suppose to be place that doesn’t judge, that doesn’t turn people away and a place where one can feel safe or at home. The guy that drove up and said â€Å"This use to be a church† is one of many who believe you have to dress and act a certain way to be able to enter the place but in reality it is there to serve all without judgment.